Today I was given an award by ICASA, the Illinois Coalition Against Sexual Assault. I was nominated by Maureen Manning, the Executive Director of the Community Crisis Center. Here are my remarks accepting the award.

This is a humbling moment. As I stand here before you, I applaud the work that you all do. It is hard work. Sadly, still necessary work. I don’t need to tell you that, You live it day in and day out. One in four women experience violence sometime in their lifetime. I am one of those women. I am one in four. I was once nearly fired for uttering that phrase. I don’t think that will be the case today.  

Gretchen Vapner, the founding director of the Community Crisis Center, who many of you may know, once asked me if I thought that healing could ever be complete. I can’t answer that question. I can tell you that with organizations like this, good friends, a supportive family snd a great therapist, you can have a meaningful life.  A full life. Even a happy life.  

When I was first attacked, Rabbi Harold Kushner, of blessed memory now who I had the privilege of studying with, had just published his best-seller, When Bad Things Happen to Good People. It was tremendously helpful. I wasn’t bad. Although there were those who tried to tell me it was my fault. It was not. But it took me years to learn that.  

Kushner doesn’t answer the question why bad things happen. They will at some point to all of us. He attempts to answer the question, when. When bad things happen what will you do with your life? In the Book of Esther, there is plenty of rape culture on display. It can be a very challenging story for survivors. Yet the action changes when Mordechai, Queen Esther’s uncle, says to her, ““Do not imagine that you will escape with your life by being in the king’s palace. Rather, if you keep silent in this crisis, relief and deliverance will come from elsewhere…perhaps you were born for just such a moment.”  

No one sets out to have the life experiences that I endured that night. No sets out to be awarded the Moxie Award. And yet, I am incredibly lucky. The Talmud teaches, “Ours is not to finish the task, neither are we free to ignore it.” I believe that fully. Today I had breakfast with my state rep. I lobbied, not a hard sell in this case, for more mental health services, better gun control, better access to women’s health and more safety and security. Those are all connected to the work we are doing. Thank you for the opportunity to do just that. To continue this important wok., 

There are many to thank along the way. First to Maureen Manning and the Community Crisis Center of Elgin for nominating me. To Sean Black and his team for putting on this conference and luncheon and handling countless questions. And to my husband, Simon Klein, here today and my daughters, Sarah, Anna and Gabrielle. It is not always easy to live with a survivor. Maybe the little bit of work I have done will mean that their daughters will not need to live with this constant threat. 

Drive time thoughts: 

Springfield is FAR. I have no idea how my state rep and state senator or the new Illinois State Superintendent cope with this drive.  

It is weird to fill both humbled and proud at the same time. The other recipients of the award are amazingly accomplished and have done so much. Each of them are impressive. I am still thinking about many of the things that the judge from Christian County was talking about in terms of a holistic approach to the judicial system in his “problem solving court.” Many of the substance abusers have a history of sexual assault. Treat the whole person and some of the “criminal” behavior disappear. Each person recognized taught me something. 

Thinking about things that I have done that didn’t make my own bio that are important. My rabbinic thesis that looked at generational issues like domestic violence. How do we interrupt the cycle of violence? Creating safety is part of the answer and has been something I have worked consistently on. 

Being a rabbi gives me a pubic platform, like this blog. One of my proudest moments was lobbying congress with American Jewish World Service. Working to renew (pass?) IVAWA definitely would help with creating that safety. Sadly, I am not sure where we are with that legislative goal. Of late, there have been other priorities, at least within my circle of lobbying friends. Nonetheless, it was walking by the Capitol,, that I first made the connection between me and Queen Esther.  

I think about all those hours at Mayyim Hayyim–and how in the early stages after a particularly bad stretch (Israel at 60), they literally saved my life. How some dear, dear friends at AJR explored some of these very difficult topics with patience and compassion. How that trip back to Israel with Larry and Paul continued the healing.

I have been telling my story for a while. With BIMA at Brandeis and Mayyim Hayyim for their film seminar. In my book, Enduring Spirit, first and second edition (available on Amazon), with One Billion Rising, the Long Red Line. In small groups and in private moments. I have taught people how to tell their story without it retriggering themselves. This is my story and I still find telling it difficult. And it was a hard week for that. The recent civil trial that ended in a $5 million award for E. Jean Carroll over former President Trump, is a huge victory for women. Six men and three women served on the jury. Believe survivors. E. Jean Carroll courageous pursuit of this is a great role model for many of us. At the same time, there was a sad story in the Israel press.  

A young woman was raped when she was 14. 11 youth took part. Four days. Only four came to trial. Those four went on to be successful. I don’t know what happened to “my guys” but I sometimes wonder. This woman, after a life of poverty filled with difficulties and mental problems whe was recently found dead at 49. As I said, I am, as my therapist might say, the luckiest unlucky person. But tonight I am just very, very tired.  

Did anyone get woken up by a lawn mower? Maybe not today, a little rainy. Traditionally, Jews do not mow on Shabbat. It is considered work, but most of us here at CKI do not live in very Jewish neighborhoods so the sound of mowers on Shabbat, early morning, all afternoon, is pervasive.  

This week is a double Torah portion. We finish reading the book of Leviticus. When we do, just before we lift and dress the Torah we will stand and say “Chazak, chazak v’nitchazek. Be strong, Be strong and be strengthened.” Some people really struggle with the Book of Leviticus. They have been taught that this book is directed primarily at the priests telling them how to set up the ancient sacrificial structure. How the priests were the mediators between God and the people. What value does it have for us today?  

There are some notable exceptions. For instance, just two weeks ago we read the section that is called “The Holiness Code” that is directed to all of us. You shall be holy, for I the Lord your G-d am holy. Not just Moses, not just Aaron or Aaron and his sons, but all of us. All the children of Israel. All of the children of Israel, even us today are to be holy. 

We are told to love our neighbors as ourselves. And it is there we are told we should leave the corners of our field for the widows, the orphans and the sojourners, as I often say the most vulnerable among us. We live that out at CKI with our community garden that we give to Elgin Cooperative Ministry for their soup kettle program, feeding the most vulnerable amongst us.  

This week again our portion begins “The Lord spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai. Speak to the Israelite people and say to them.” Not just to Moses but to all of us. This week is about something radical. When we enter the land that God promised to Abraham, and Isaac and Jacob, we should observe a sabbath of the Lord. Every six years the land needs to rest. We call this a shmita year. Pretty radical that God and the Israelites understood crop rotation. Pretty radical that they had figured out a way to make sure that even in a shmita year that people would still have food to eat.  

Now here is the question. Does it still apply to us? This is Judaism. Some say yes, some say no. Some say it only applies in the land of Israel. According to Etz Hayyim, the Israeli version of the Committee of Jewish Law and Standards ruled that these laws are neither biblically or rabbinically required, however, they are a middat hassidut, an act of piety. They recommend that Israeli kibbutzim set aside one field and they give a percentage of their income to the poor because that was the original purpose of the law. (page 739) 

The shmita laws go even further. We count off seven times seven years so that In the 50th year we are to “proclaim liberty throughout the land” It is a jubilee year. Debts are forgiven. It goes to the question of who really owns the land—us or maybe G-d. In actuality, the text suggests that it is G-d. After all, we are told, “The earth is the Lord and the fullness thereof.” 

These are complicated laws—and they do have some modern implications. According to the Jerusalem Post: 

“the Israeli government owns 93% of the country’s land. This ownership structure originated in 1948, when Israel was founded as a meager nation-state. It came about amid government fears that someone would buy out the land and ultimately overrule the authorities. Today, the Israel Land Authority leases land for a period of 49 years, usually with an option to extend the lease for another 49. It does not sell it, but the state does grant property owners title to the land they live on. So practically speaking, there is no meaningful distinction between freehold and leasehold arrangements in Israel.” (Jerusalem Post, Nov 22, 2022)  

But what about us here in the United States. Last year was a shmita year here and in Israel. Our decision at CKI about the community garden was that hungry people still need to eat. We let one “field” go fallow and continued to tend the other plots. The work of Hazon in their sourcebook were ideas that we studied. https://issuu.com/hazon/docs/shmita_sourcebook_final_full  

This is not a shmita year. The community garden needs some help. Hungry people still need to eat. Next week you will hear about a Bat MItzvah project to build a butterfly garden. This seems to fit squarely with a new movement to restore prairie land to its natural state. Last year for Tu B’shevat instead of getting parsley seeds you received butterfly seed paper. We hoped you planted it. Milkweed is necessary to the prairie and necessary to ensuring butterflies and bees are around. Now we are told that this is No Mow May. An opportunity to let the land rest. 

“No Mow May” is a quick and catchy name for a movement that aims far beyond not mowing the yard for a month. It’s more than long grass and dandelion blooms. It’s a gateway to understanding how we share our lawns with many small creatures. Lawns cover 40 million acres, or 2%, of land in the US, making them the single largest irrigated crop we grow. Lawns are mowed, raked, fertilized, weeded, chemically treated, and watered⁠—sucking up time, money, and other resources. Lawns provide little benefit to wildlife, and are often harmful. Grass-only lawns lack floral resources and nesting sites for bees and are often treated with pesticides that harm bees and other invertebrates. When we think of habitat loss, we tend to imagine bulldozers and rutted dirt, but acres of manicured lawn are as much a loss of habitat as any development site. https://beecityusa.org/no-mow-may/  

Whether you choose to mow your lawn or not, we’ve given you something to think about today. Leviticus. For all of us. Even today. Now on to Numbers. Chazak. 

Today is the 33rd day of the Counting of the Omer. Each letter in Judaism represents a number so Lamed is 30 and Gimel is 3, hence 33, pronounced Lag. It has been 33 days since the second night of Passover. We are continuing our journey toward Sinai.

Before we explain Lag B’omer, a couple of words about Omer. Omer is this period that we are in between Passover and Shavuot. 50 days. The Greek word is Pentecost. Omer is a grain offering. Back in the day it was barley. At CKI, following my teacher Rabbi Everett Gendler, z’l we plant some grain, this year it is rye at Sukkot and begin cutting little bits at Passover. By Shavuot, it is fully headed out as grain. No, not enough to make rye bread or bourbon, but here we do harvest it and feed it to some local cows. It makes the connection that this is an agricultural tradition.

The Omer period one of counting, helps us fulfill the idea of “Teach us to number our days that we may find a heart of wisdom.” Many have the tradition of studying Pirke Avot, one chapter each week. Others have a more mystical bent and each day has a theme. Today is Hod shel Hod, Humility of Humility. Some study each of these days’ themes with a meditation on the mystical seferiot. I particularly like Rabbi Simon Jacobson’s version. However, Rabbi Jill Hammer, Rabbi Karyn Kedar and others all have books that are helpful with the counting. Some take on a project during Omer. It is a focused period of semi-mourning. Some don’t attend instrumental music concerts during this time. Some don’t get a hair cut during the omer. Weddings are traditionally forbidden.

And some say Lag B’omer interrupts the mourning. So what is Lag B’omer. Like much of Judaism it is shrouded in some mystery.

Perhaps it was the day that manna fell in the wilderness for the first time.

Perhaps, following Talmudic teaching, there was a plague that killed thousands of Rabbi Akiva’s students because they did not treat one another with respect. (Yevamot 62b) According to a medieval tradition, the plague miraculously stopped on Lag B’omer. (We might want to think about that as our own pandemic is coming to an end and restrictions are lifted both by the World Health Organization and the CDC. Can we return to a life of mutual respect? I certainly hope so!)

Perhaps, it has to do with the Bar Kochba Rebellion. Rabbi Akiva was an ardent supporter of Simon bar Kaseva, known as Simon Bar Kochba, who is 132 CE led an unsuccessful revolt against the Roman empire in Judea. Akiva not only supported him and hoped for a political victory but thought that Bar Kochba might in fact be the Messiah. Lag B’omer might have marked a pause in the fighting or a military victory.

Perhaps, Lag B’omer centers around one of Rabbi Akiva’s discipiles, Rabbi Simeon bar Yochai, who may have died on Lag B’omer. He continued to defy Roman rule after the Bar Kochba revolt was defeated and therefore, he and his son had to flee. They took refuge in a cave for 12 years, where a miraculous well and a carob tree sustained them, They spent their days studying and praying. When they finally emerged they were ill-equipped to take on practical life and demeaned those who were “of the world,” instead of only engaged in Torah study. (Shabbat 33) God then insisted (how did that work) that they go back into the cave for another year to learn to be more practical in his approach to Torah and spirituality.

Perhaps Simeon bar Yochai is the author of the Zohar, the mystical work of Kabbalah. (Scholars attribute it to Moses de Leon, a 13th century Spanish Kabbalist). Noneltheless, in Israel, people (men mostly I think) make a pilgrimage to his tomb in Meron near Tzafat. Several years ago, there were so many that there was a tragic disaster with 45 men and boys killed and 150 injured when the scaffolding collapsed.  Another reason to observe too many yahzeits on Lag B’omer.

Customs today remain: picnics, bonfires, archery to remind us of AKiva and his students, teacher appreciation (this is teacher appreciation week, how cool is that?) and for some cutting the heir of a 3 year old boy for the first time in a ceremony called upsheran.

You will find me lighting a tire, saying thank you to teachers and eating a s’more. And please, please be kind so that our plague too can end.

Recently I received a d’var Torah about perfection from my friend, Rabbi Jennifer Singer in Sarasota, FL.  

I’ll summarize. There are no perfect people. None. And we have no further than to look to our own matriarchs and patriarchs were not perfect. The stories in the book of Genesis make that clear. If they made mistakes, and boy did they ever, then we can too. 

In our parsha today, we are told that the animals that the priests sacrificed had to be without blemish. It is hard to find an animal without blemish. That is one reason given for why the Holy Temple cannot be rebuilt. There are no perfect, without blemish red heifers. Despite every year or so someone or some organization thinking they have found one. Watch the Israeli series Digs. It is sort of like an Indian Jones and Raiders of the Lost Ark meets evangelical Christianity and Orthodox Judaism. It is set on three continents and is heart-racing and a good chance to practice modern Hebrew although it does have subtitles. 

But in our parsha today, the Torah teaches that not only the animals had to be perfect but the priests also had to be without blemish. They had to be physically perfect. The Torah says: “No one at all who has a defect shall be qualified [to perform the Temple service].”   

Here’s what Rabbi Singer taught me: “The list of physical defects is seemingly exhaustive. But, as I always taught my children, what someone doesn’t tell you can be even more revealing than what they do say. And there is a glaring omission when it comes to the Torah’s list of forbidden imperfections. It neglects to say anything about character.” 

And yet we plumb the depths of Torah to find meaning, to find its moral compass and find the modern implications for us today. Physical limitations we are not so concerned about today. The ADA has worked hard to have buildings accessible, and to not discriminate against those with physical limitations. JUF and Synagogue movements have had committees and initiatives for inclusion. Rabbi Singer said, “The exclusion of those who are disabled or disfigured has troubled us for millennia. From the rabbis of the Talmud to religious leaders of today, we have understood those prohibitions to be a function of a particular time and place, and no longer relevant. We have chosen character over physical characteristics.” We at CKI have attended trainings offered by JUF, received inclusion grants and the idea is even part our vision plank of Embracing Diversity.  

But no character tests for priests? No code of ethics? I have one attached to my contract. Many places of employment do. No list of attributes that parallel the 13 attributes of the Divine? Aren’t we supposed to try to be like G-d? Isn’t that what ultimately distinguishes us humans, as Jews, as leaders?  

Let me tell you a little secret, in case this isn’t clear. Priests were human. They were not perfect. Rabbis, although not priests are human too. There are no perfect rabbis like there are no perfect humans. Although there are many people who see rabbis as messengers of the Divine. Sometimes we talk about rabbis as symbolic exemplars, as stand-ins for G-d or for parents. 

I am not perfect either. Although through the process of mussar, the study of characterological traits, and with great friends, a supportive husband who yes, sometimes I yell at, and with a wonderful therapist I work on my character flaws. Moses heard that G-d was endlessly patient and slow to anger. I am not. Proverbs tells us that an eishet chayil, a woman of valor opens her mouth with wisdom and the law of kindness is on her tongue. I don’t always get there. And for those I am profoundly, deeply sorry. I’m working on it. You might say I am a work in progress.  

Rabbi Harold Kushner, now of blessed memory and most famous for his book, When Bad Things Happen to Good People wrote another book, How Good Do We Have to Be? Almost every year I reread it. It is part of my own mussar discipline. He has a chapter entitled, “I thought I had to be perfect.” Which was certainly true for me growing up. He does a good job of defining the difference between guilt and shame and there is lots discussed about professional athletes, who also are not perfect, who make mistakes. He cites Dr. Rachel Naomi Remen in her book Kitchen Table Wisdom describing Carl Rogers when he was leading a therapy session. “There is something I do before I start a session. I let myself know that I am enough. Not perfect. Perfect wouldn’t be enough. But that I am human and that is enough. There is nothing that this man can say or do or feel that I can’t feel in myself. I can be with him. I am enough.” (page 7) 

He argues that people come to services, especially the high holy days, not to be told all the things they have done wrong. They already know that. They know they are not perfect. They come to be assured that their misdeeds did not separate them from G-d, and G-d’s love. The message of perfection may have come from our parents, he argues, or our teachers, our religious leaders or I would add, right from this portion, which seems to demand perfection. 

 To be clear, we are all created b’tzelem elohim, in the image of G-d, whether we have  physical limitations or what other might consider character flaws. Some people might call these mental health issues. And it is clear in this country we need more mental health services. The challenge then is treat everyone with compassion, with chesed, lovingkindness, with kedusha, holiness. Our portion today talks a lot about holiness. Just count the number of times the root shows up in our reading this morning.  

Kuf dalet shin is a three root word that means something akin to holiness or sacredness. It is something that is set apart for special purpose. My friend and colleague Rabbi Linda Shriner Cahn had this to say: 

This week’s Torah portion, has a great deal in it. “One of the major strands of the Torah portion is putting forth the practices of the three pilgrimage festivals, Pesach, Shavuot and Sukkot, along with Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. It is a declaration of sacred time closely aligned with an agricultural calendar.” (That’s why we in this congregation plant Omer every year!)  “It is a reminder that for us, sacred time is more important than sacred space, as exemplified by the Mishkan, a portable Holy space. Sacred time can be both fixed and movable.” 

I will continue that Shabbat, which the portion also talks about today is a palace in time. It is both sacred time and place, according to Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel. 

Rabbi Shriner-Cahn continues, “Along with these communal moments of time-bound observance, we are reminded with great clarity of our own responsibility in creating a world that has holiness within. The description of the holidays is interrupted by the following injunction to take care of the poor: “And when you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not reap all the way to the edges of your field, or gather the gleanings of your harvest; you shall leave them for the poor and the stranger: I Adonai, am your God” (Leviticus 23:22).” 

That’s why we at Congregation Kneseth Israel plant the corners of our field for Elgin Cooperative Ministries and why we work with Food for Greater Elgin. Figuring out how to solve hunger and homelessness goes all the way back to before Isaiah whose haunting words we read every Yom Kippur. So the struggle to deal with the hungry, the homeless, the sojourner, sometimes called the migrants is not new. Not at all. We have yet to figure out how to do it perfectly. Perhaps we never will. Pirke Avot teaches, “Ours is not to finish the task, neither are we free to ignore it.” We are never going to do it perfectly, but it does negate the obligation to mitigate these serious societal issues.  

Maimonides’ commentary on this section has the capacity to resonate with us: 

“When a person eats and drinks in celebration of a festival, he is obligated to feed converts, orphans, widows, and others who are destitute and poor. In contrast, a person who locks the gates of his courtyard and eats and drinks with his children and his wife, without feeding the poor and the embittered, is not indulging in rejoicing associated with a mitzvah, but rather the rejoicing of his gut …This rejoicing is a disgrace.” 

Harsh? Perhaps. Yet it has much to teach us of holiness, even today. As Rabbi Shriner-Cahn would say, “simply engaging in ritual is not enough. The true meaning of holiness can be found when we go beyond ourselves and care for those around us.” 

We don’t have to be perfect. We have to strive to be holy.  

That’s as Rabbi Singer would say, “holiness shines from within.”   

In Kushner’s words, “we will become more comfortable with ourselves as imperfect human beings only when we have learned to understand what the story is all about. If we are to realize the fullness of our humanity, if we are to see our mistakes and even our imperfect successes in an overall context, we can do no better than to begin…with the Bible.” Then our holiness will shine forth.  Let our holiness shine forth, then, Amen. 

Our services, our liturgy has a lot to say about G-d as King, or if you prefer Ruler or Sovereign. We sing Adonai Melech, Adonai Malach, Adonai Yimloch L’olam va’ed. God rules, God ruled, God will rule forever and ever. Our standard fomulaic blessing begins, “Baruch Atah Adonai, Eloheinu Melech Ha’olam. Many translations of that but let’s use Blessed are You, Adonai, our God, Ruler of the Universe for now. We talk about Rosh Hashanah as the coronation of the King (or Ruler or Sovereign).  

Aleinu, a prayer that is attributed to the Talmudic rabbi, Rav in the third century, was often banned because it was deemed threatening to emperors and kings. It may have been written even earlier and part of the Second Temple ritual. It expresses our hope that one day God will rule the world. Universal or holier than thou?  

Tomorrow in Great Britain, something will happen that most of us have never seen, the coronation of a British sovereign. It hasn’t happened in 71 years. The first event my mother saw on television was the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.  

So, what do we as Jews, not even living in any of the British countries do about this? In fact, I am enough of an American history scholar to know we left Great Britain so we didn’t have to serve a king.  

I often talk about some of this around the 4th of July, American Independence Day but it bears repeating in this circumstance as well. 

Like much in Judaism it isn’t cleat. 

Psalm 146 teaches us that we should “Put no trust in the powerful, in mortals who cannot save. Their breath depats and they return to dust and tha is the end of their grand designs.” 

Jews have prayed for their earthly rulers since the days of the exile. Jeremiah taught us  

“And seek the welfare of the city to which I have exiled you and pray to the LORD in its behalf; for in its prosperity you shall prosper.” (Jeremiah 29:7) 

In Pirke Avot we are taught, “Be wary pf the authorities! They do not befriend anyone unless it serves their own needs. They appear as a friend what it is to their advantage, but do not stand by a person in an hour of need.” (Pirke Avot 2: 3 ) And yet, in the next chapter we learn: “Pray for the welfare of the government for if people did not fear it, they would swallow each other alive.” (Pirke Avot 3:2) 

England has not always been kind to the Jewish people. I 1290, King Edward the First, decreed with the Edict of Expulsion that all Jews needed to be expelled by All Saints Day, November First of that year.  

Jews eventually found their way back. If you want to read a LONG article, the one on Wikipedia is surprisingly good. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_England

Wherever Jews have lived, they have prayed for their country and their leaders. The Open Siddur Project posts this prayer for Queen Elizabeth. https://opensiddur.org/prayers/collective-welfare/nations/united-kingdom/prayer-for-the-royal-family-of-queen-elizabeth-ii-1962/ 

 It is very similar to the prayer in the Reform Synagogues of Great Britain 1977 prayer book which we read in shul after the prayer for the United States.  

Both begin reminding us that G-d is the King of Kings. “May the supreme King of kings in his mercy preserve the Queen in life, guard her and deliver her from all trouble and sorrow.” and then continues in much the same vain as our prayer in Siddur Sim Shalom for the Country (page 148) 

Recently I had the opportunity to attend an Interfaith Congressional Breakfast hosted by Congressman Raja Krishnamoorthi and moderated by the Anti-Defamation League (ADL). The congressman began by quoting the letter of George Washington the Jews of Newport RI in August of 1790: For happily the Government of the United States, which gives to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance…” x https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/05-06-02-0135  

I appreciate the fact that the congressman believes in this message and that he would call people together to work for religious tolerance. As the ADL says, “There is no place for hate.” It was a powerful meeting, even if the solutions to reducing hate crimes may be beyond our grasp. 

Next week I will be delivering the invocation at the Kane Country board meeting. I will be using a prayer out of that Great Britain prayer book, for Interfaith Meetings and for Committee meetings. Somehow it seems very appropriate.  

But what about the coronation? King Charles wanted to make sure that the religious diversity of Great Britain was represented. Yet, there was a problem. The service and the parade from Westminster Abbey back to Buckingham Palace were on Shabbat. This would cause a problem for the Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis. The Jerusalem Post had a fascinating article: 

Some things that intrigued me…the rabbi’s sense of humor to start: 

“I think if the Messiah comes at the time of the coronation, it will be on the back page. Nothing is going to get in the way of this, every tiny detail; and we welcome the fact that the inclusion of other faiths in this event is a feature of the coronation. It was not a feature in the previous one – just the church; after all, the essence of the coronation is a religious service in Westminster Abbey.” 

While there are potential halachic issues of being in a church, Mirvis maintains it is the right thing to do. He and the palace staff have even worked out some of the thornier issues of Shabbat observance. He and his wife will be sleeping at the one of London’s palaces. They will be having kosher coronation chicken (Simon and I will be too, served on my grandmother’s Wedgewood with tea!).  

The members of eight faiths will be greeted outside Westminister at the end of the religious service and offer a blessing—without microphones to not put the rabbi in a compromising position. He and his wife will present presents to the new King for Shabbat. Valerie Mirvis baked biscuits and the Jewish community have planted a grove of trees. 

https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/article-741809 

So yes, since Great Britain is a ally of the United States, we will be praying for Great Britain and the new King this weekend. And yes, the next time I am asked to do something for the betterment of the Jewish people, for Elgin, for Illinois or the world, I will work like Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis to do it so it matches my level of religious observance. As he said…it is the right thing to do. 

And I’ll be singing a new Adon Olam. The Coronation one: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UN0NOkqo7-0

Today’s portion seems difficult to our modern ears. This d’var Torah might need to come with a trigger warning. I will be discussing maternal health and rights, rape, miscarriage and abortion.  

Yesterday I heard an interview on NPR on Science Friday with an author of the book Period. No, not with Anita Diamant who has a book by the same, although I did reach out to her later in the day. This book, by Kate Clancy deals with some of the science behind menstruation 

The goodreads “book jacket” description says:.  

Menstruation is something half the world does for a week at a time, for months and years on end, yet it remains largely misunderstood. Scientists once thought of an individual’s period as useless and some doctors still believe it’s unsafe for a menstruating person to swim in the ocean wearing a tampon. Period counters the false theories that have long defined the study of the uterus, exposing the eugenic history of gynecology while providing an intersectional feminist perspective on menstruation science.” 

Yes, we are allowed to use that word here in the sanctuary.  

Fast forward, or go back in time to this morning’s Torah portion. On Thursday, as part of our usual Torah Study, we wrestled with the beginning of today’s portion. Chapter 12 tells us that a woman who gives birth to a boy child remains in a state of blood purification for 33 days and if she births a  girl 66 days. Why the difference? The notes in Etz Hayyim are not much help. My working at a mikveh was not much help either. 

What is tameh? There are various translations. Impure, unclean, Anita Diamant’s ritually unready. Why the difference between the birth of a boy and the birth of a girl? Doesn’t that just lead to further discrimination of women and girls and their feeling less good about themselves? 

Dr. Ora Horn Prouser, CEO and Academic Dean at the Academy for Jewish Religion, a Bible scholar, taught for me one day after my bone marrow transplant. The participants thought she had a really good interpretation of this complicated topic so we spoke on the phone to get her understanding. She describes tameh this way: “the idea of impurity is a physical substance. It is things that God can’t be around, almost like G-d has an allergy and it is physical and needs to be removed. Clean and unclean are not good words to translate this as. Maybe something that needs to be eliminated. This is not metaphorical. The idea of this, the way I like to think about it, and it is really easy with the pandemic, is it is like a germ, or something that is radioactive. You can’t see it but it will harm you nonetheless and it needs to be removed.” She added, however, that it won’t help with the difference between girls and boys.  

It is clear that our ancients seem to be afraid of various fluids, blood, seminal emissions, skin eruptions of various sorts. These are powerful life forces. There is much to be said about the anthropology of all of this.  

Mary Douglas wrote a powerful book, Purity and Danger about anthropology and pollution, including blood..  Because it was seen as a pollutant, we must not touch blood. IWe must not eat anything with blood. Blood was somehow taboo. It is out of place and therefore scary. You might remember that the first of the 10 plagues was turning the river Nile into blood. That was very scary! 

“Any interpretations will fail which take the Do-nots of the Old Testament in piecemeal fashion. The only sound approach is to forget hygiene, aesthetics, morals and instinctive revulsion, even to forget the Canaanites and the Zoroastrian Magi, and start with the texts. Since each of the injunctions is prefaced by the command to be holy, so they must be explained by that command. There must be contrariness between holiness and abomination which will make over-all sense of all the particular restrictions.” (Mary Douglas, Purity and Danger, 1966 and 2002, page 50) 

Childbirth was scary. A walk through any colonial American cemetery will show you how many women died in childbirth. Our own birkat hagomel which I just recited recently includes a note that it can be said even for a women surviving childbirth. It seems farfetched. Ancient. Not part of our current world.  

It is not. And here is where the trigger warning might be really important. There are several women at CKI who lost children at full term. I have done four funerals for babies who didn’t make it. They are brutal. From my perspective, we are doing better at marking these moments. It used to be true that we didn’t mark the birth and death of a child until they reached 30 days. They weren’t considered a viable nefesh, soul. Others who have been through the experience are mixed on what is helpful.  

When I was studying in Israel, there was an 11 year old girl who was raped on the beach in Tel Aviv. Because of the way the court system is set up there, she had to carry that baby to full term. I’ve been working on issues of sexual assault prevention, rape counseling and maternal health issues ever since. 

In Israel, abortion is legal, when determined by a termination committee, and not used very often with most cases being approved in 2019 (the last year I could find statistics about). They have been declining since 1988 and abortion rates for women of childbearing age are less than the US, 13.2 per 1000 women or Great Britain at 16.2 per 1000 women. In Israel only 9 in 1000 women seek an abortion.  

Maternal health includes more than access to abortion. It includes access to good nutrition, safe housing, birth control, good gynecological care, physicians who listen to women to discern their symptoms and don’t just dismiss something as all in their heads, affordable health care that is independent of just being on their husbands’ plan. Good maternal health care is harder to access if you are black or brown.  

Maternal health care is in our news every day. Including yesterday. In the United States, where the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, there have been debates over the medication mifepristone, the medication used in abortion and miscarriage care.  

This news alert came out last night from National Council of Jewish Women: 

“As we are about to usher in Shabbat, the Supreme Court issued a stay of Judge Kacsmaryk’s order, which would have banned mifepristone — used in medication abortion and miscarriage care. This means that there is continued and full access to mifepristone. This is a win for abortion access!” 

For now. 

Almost all Jewish Women’s organizations that I could name; Hadassah, Women of Reform Judaism , the Conservative Movement’s Women’s League would all support this decision, and while it will continue to go through the courts in an appeals process, it gives me some hope.  

This drug is important not only for abortions but also for care of miscarriages. Many women miscarry.  

According to the March of Dimes, “Miscarriage is very common. Some research suggests that more than 30 percent of pregnancies end in miscarriage, and many end before a person even knows they’re pregnant. Most people who miscarry go on to have a healthy pregnancy later.” 

Many women mourn the loss of a child to miscarriage, this drug is critical in the aftercare.  

Many women have difficulty conceiving at all. Some have successfully used invitro fertilization, an expensive process. Others do not have access to it, precisely because of the cost and whether an individual’s insurance coverage will allow IVF. Make no mistake, this process is also threatened by the overturning of Roe v Wade. Threats include: 

• The ability to do testing on embryos, such as genetic testing  
• The ability to freeze embryos  
• The ability to move frozen embryos across state lines  
• Embryo disposition  
• Unintended consequences of harm coming to an embryo  
• Miscarriages, and care rendered to the patient 
• Ectopic pregnancies, and care rendered to the patient 
• Conferring Personhood rights on an in vitro embryo 

Another area of concern includes stem cell research. The stem cell controversy is an ethical debate concerning research using human embryos and embryonic stem cells. Not all stem cell research involves human embryos. For example, adult stem cells, amniotic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells do not involve creating, using, or destroying human embryos, and thus are minimally, if at all, controversial. My own bone marrow transplant, also called a stem cell transplant was from my own cells, called autolougos transplant, which has less risks. Nonetheless, I am grateful for all the research done on stem cells, for maternal health and all of our health! 

Maternal health continues to be a risk—both in this country and in Israel to a lesser extent. Our Torah is very clear, we should have one law for citizen and strangr alike because we were strangers in the land of Egypt. We should take care of the widow, the orphan, the stranger. Yet, what I don’t see in our tradition, is the ruling that says we should have one law for male and female alike. 

The question of women’s rights doesn’t end with the right to conceive and bear a child, if that is what you so desire. Today is Rosh Hodesh, the new month of Iyar. Rosh Hodesh is seen as half holiday given to women precisely because as the Talmud states women didn’t give up their gold for the golden calf. (Or maybe because there is some connection between the phases of the moon and women’s menstrual cycles, but I digress). 

In the Talmud, women, children and slaves are exempt from time bound mitzvot. Things like saying the Sh;ma at set times, saying Kiddush, laying tefilin. etc.   Exempt, but not forbidden. If a woman chooses to take it on, then she can be encouraged to do so. We have seen that historically. Michal bat Kushi, also known as Saul, wore tefilin, one of those time bound commandments. Yonah’s wife used to make the festival pilgrimage, Tavi, Rabban Gamliel’s slave used to put on Tefillin. Rashi’s daughters did things that were considered time bound, including wearing tefilin, blowing shofar and one was a mohel.  

Prayer is not forbidden to women. In fact, while the Sh’ma is considered time bound, the Amidah and Birkat Hamazon is an obligation. And yet, there are those who think that women don’t pray, shouldn’t pray and their voices shouldn’t be heard. In the late 1800s, and there are photos of this, women would stand next to men, without even a mechitza and pray at the Western Wall. In 1988, Women of the Wall started to help women gain equal access to prayer at the Western Wall.  It is anathema that women have been spat at, shouted out, whistled, beaten and even arrested in Israel for praying, reading Torah or even lighting a chanukiah.  

There are those who think that the voice of a woman could be so alluring that a man might “spill his seed.” or in the language of today’s portion have a seminal emission. That is why in Israel, depending on which political party in power there are times when you will not hear women’s voices on the radio or even have a woman be allowed to say Kaddish for a parent or other relative.   

I am proud of the work of people like Anita Diamant who understand that the pink tax need to be eliminated. That access of period products and equal access to health care for women, all women need to be increased, I am proud of Congregation Kneseth Israel who have collected period products and donated to the Community Crisis Center (and made sure that they are available in our own restrooms). I am proud of Women on the Brink for doing the same thing,

It is our job, all of our jobs, women and men, to stand up for women rights, here and in Israel, for women’s health, all of our health, here and in Israel, for women’s rights, all of our rights, to practice Judaism in a manner to enrich our connection with the Divine and with Judaism. It begins with today’s portion. Then, and only then will we all be tahara, ritually ready. 

This is the week between Yom Hashoah and Yom Hazikaron followed immediately by Yom Ha’atzmaut. As my dear friend and colleague, Rabbi Menachem Creditor said, earlier in the week it is almost like the Yamim Nora’im, the Days of Awe. These are days set aside to contemplate. To think deeply about the Holocaust and its legacy, the birth of the State of Israel, My father used to describe sitting by the radio the night that the UN voted to partition the land of Israel and create what would become the State of Israel. To hear him tell the story, it was awesome. A modern day miracle. We all know the story. Out of the ashes of the Holocaust, the real, actual ashes, Israel was born.  

That story is complicated. That birth led to complications that to the present day we wrestle with. Maybe that is appropriate since the word Israel, Yisrael, means one who wrestles with G-d and man.  

Wrestle we must. My own history, as you know, with Israel is complicated. Tonight’s remarks are dedicated to the memory of Yuval Berger. We had dreamed of living half the year in Israel and half the year in the States, working with Jewish teens so that they would love Israel and the Jewish people. Only part of that dream was realized. I still get to work with Jewish teens and I love it. He died a hero during the incursion into Lebanon in 1983. 

I often say that if I really thought I could have solved peace in the Middle East I should have gone to the Kennedy School or the Fletcher School and done it. But I am a small town rabbi, what do I know about peace? What right do I even have to express an opinion? 

Israel is complicated. There is the land of Israel. Eretz Yisrael, the children of Israel, bnei Yisrael, and the state of Israel, medinat yisrael. And the people of Israel, Am Yisral. Am Yisrael Chai, the people of Israel lives. We do.  

I have a relationship with each of those, the land, the children, the people and the state of Israel, 

The land of Israel is beautiful, varied, rugged. I lived there. I have hiked it, camped in it, run a marathon there around Yam Kinneret, the Sea of Galilee. The stars in the desert near Masada are like no others. They are awe-inspiring and they make the words of our Torah and our prayers come alive. Sometimes, we read by detractors that Jews don’t have a historical connection to the land of Israel. That’s BS. It is simply not true. The archaeology alone tells us otherwise. So don’t let anyone tell you differently.  Similarly, I get concerned every time I ride spaceship earth at Disney and it tells us that if we can read we should thank a Phoenician for inventing letters. No, even in my fifth grade public school history class we learned about the Hebrew Alef Bet. I swell with pride. Organizations like CAMERA help us sort out fact from fiction. 

The children of Israel, the people of Israel I am deeply connected to. That’s a good thing since I am a rabbi. Even as people, including the Orthodox rabbinate and the state of Israel continue to debate who is a Jew. When I lived in Israel that was a debate about me. Given my name is Margaret and mother’s name was Nelle and her mother was born in Ireland, I needed to prove I was Jewish to even consider marrying Yuval. It was painful, So very painful and some of that continues for others raised as Jews, others who have chosen to be Jews, who want to live in Israel as Jews. We recognize that it was a mixed multitude that left Egypt with the Israelites, that there have always been others who have joined with us.  

I swell with pride thinking about our being the People of the Book, our commitment to education, to science, to tikkun olam. I swell with pride with Gal Gadot or the recent third place runner at the Boston Marathon. I swell with pride thinking about the innovations that come out of Israel, the cell phone, the research at Hadassah Hospital, including new developments with T-cells and immunotherapy that might just prolong my own life.  

The state of Israel is even more complicated story and this is an especially complicated time. But I as a rabbi, even a small town rabbi, have an obligation to speak up and speak out.  

As T’ruah, Rabbis for Human Rights, an organization I have supported for more than a decade, pointed out, “In this tenuous and difficult moment, we must not turn away — we have a responsibility to be in relationship with the State of Israel and help ensure that it upholds and protects the human rights of all its residents. Our tradition compels us to address these contemporary issues and hold ourselves and Israel to this standard.” 

I get concerned when organizations I have supported for decades are threatened. Women of the Wall, founded in 1988, the same year I was married. Parents Circle Family Forum comprised of members who have lost family members to the ongoing conflict promotes dialogue and reconciliation. https://www.theparentscircle.org/en/pcff-home-page-en/   

I swell with pride when I see every day Israelis out protesting for justice. Next week we will hear that our Bar Mitzvah chose his portion to read “You shall not render an unfair decision, do not favor the poor or show justice to the rich. Judge your kinsman fairly.” (Lev. 19:15). In Numbers we are told: “There shall be one law for you and for the resident stranger; it shall be a law for all time throughout the ages. You and the stranger shall be alike before God.” One law, like for Israelis and Palestinians? Israelis and other? Why are we “othering”?  In Deuteronomy it tells us, “Tzedek, Tzedek tirdof. Justice, Justice shall you pursue.”  

People sometimes wonder what the modern implications of these ancient texts are. These are the implications. The State of Israel needs to have just courts and a just judicial system, precisely because it is mandated in Torah. Period. I stand in solidarity with hundreds of thousands of Israelis who have packed the streets for 15 straight weeks demanding nothing less, and as they continue to do so, even after the temporary judicial overhaul freeze went into effect in late March. I stand with the Union of Orthodox rabbis who condemned the increasing violence. Does that surprise you? I stand with the rabbis of the Reform Movement, the Conservative Movement, the Reconstructing Movement, all of whom have issued statements condemning what appears to be a power grab. I stand with American Jews, and Israeli Jews who came out in droves in the US to protest the recent appearance of Israeli finance minister Bezalel Smotrich. That was not a little protest. While there is little agreement on much in Judaism, 73 Jewish groups issued a statement that read: “We pledge to not invite Smotrich to speak at our congregations, organizations, and communal institutions during his visit and to speak out against his participation in other fora across our communities.” Why are people, both here and in Israel so opposed? https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/2023-03-09/ty-article/.premium/over-70-u-s-jewish-groups-vow-to-shun-far-right-israeli-minister-invoking-kahane/00000186-c596-d430-ade7-e79f40950000 

Recently, in my role as police chaplain, I was called to a murder scene. I thought that is what I would be speaking about tonight. I started reading a book called On Killing but it isn’t helping. It seems we have been trying to figure this out since Cain and Abel. We were unequivocally commanded, “Thou shall not murder.” But it doesn’t seem to be enough. People still murder. I cannot seem to understand why we don’t understand that everyone is created b’tzelem elohim, in the image of God, that everyone has a spark of the divine inside. I cannot explain how one person can deliberately kill another. I cannot explain how that murder happened. Or the Holocaust where 6 million Jews were systematically murdered. Or the shooting at school in Nashville or a bank in Louisville or a dance studio in Alabama. There is no one fix. It is not just mental health or video games or violence on TV or easy access to guns.  

These murders are not limited to the United States. I mourn previous violence committed in Israel.  I mourn the death of Yuval in 1983 by a terrorist bomb. I mourn the massacre at the mosque by Baruch Goldstein in 1994. Attacks like these have led to a continuiing, escalating cycle of violence.  

I mourn the murders of Rina, Mail and Lucy Dee. The police beating of Palestinians during Ramadan at the Al Aqsa Mosque, the pogrom, no other word for it in the Palestinian village of Huwara that I spoke about several weeks ago. The violence continually seems to be escalating. What I learned working on my thesis about generational trauma, is that peace cannot come unless the people feel safe. We cannot have an end to violence until there is lasting peace. We cannot have lasting peace without safety and without the recognition of basic human rights for both peoples, for all peoples. We are all created b’tzelem elohim, in the image of God. 

Our tradition is based on creating peace. We are told to “Seek peace and pursue it.” 

Rabbi Amy Eilberg teaches, “Notably, two commandments are explicitly articulated not as responses to a particular situation, but as imperatives to be followed – indeed, pursued – at all times. We are not only to act in accordance with these imperatives passively when the occasion arises. We are to actively seek out opportunities to engage in them. The two cases are the pursuit of justice, of which it is said, “Justice, justice shall you pursue” (Deut. 16:20) and the pursuit of peace, of which it is said, “Seek peace and pursue it” (Ps. 34:15). “ 

Our liturgy is full of references to it. It is the hope of Jews everywhere. We sing Oseh Shalom, Sim Shalom, Shalom Rav. We sing modern songs, Yerushalyim Shel Zahav. L’shanah Ha’ba’ah. My favorite piece of liturgy is, “Ufros Aleinu Sukkat Shlomech, Spread over us, the shelter of Your Peace”. We read the poem that follows in Siddur Sim Shalom by Jules Harlow that reminds us that each month on the new moon and each Shabbat that all people will worship God and search for peace in Jerusalem. And that God, too seeks peace in Jerusalem.

We pray that one day everyone will sit under their vine and fig tree and none shall make them afraid. 

But in order for that to happen, we must stay informed. We must stay engaged. We must work for peace. We must run after it. We must pursue peace and justice. May this be so as we continue our celebration of Israel at 75. 

Today is the 9th day of the counting of the Omer, Gevurah shel Gevurah, strength of strength, discipline of discipline.  

This weekend marks the 10th anniversary of the Boston Marathon bombing. It always marks my return to running. 10 years ago I was sitting on the couch next to my daughter. As I often said, “I just want to run one more.” She had never seen me do one. It seemed like a dream. I had five Bostons to my credit but I hadn’t run in years. I had had a serious car accident in 2007 and at the time people were not sure I could walk, let alone run again. She, the wise one, said, “OK I get that, but maybe you should start with a shorter race.” She had heard about the Disney Princess race series and maybe I could do the half and she would do it with me. We agreed to sign up. Later that day the bombs went off. That sealed it. Boston Strong. 

My good friend Beryl heard an article on NPR—I haven’t been able to find it exactly. Because this is the 10th anniversary there has been a lot of coverage. Her synopsis. Running is a discipline. It certainly is for me. It is even a spiritual discipline. There is something about the rhythm that certainly works for me. Often when I am running I sing our prayers. “V’tahar libeinu, Cleanse our hearts to serve You in truth,” always works well for me. Something about cleansing our hearts given family history of heart disease is especially meaningful. 

There are days when I don’t want to run. I’m too tired. It’s too cold. The weather isn’t conducive. That’s when the discipline kicks in.  

When I asked what examples people have of discipline there were not many answers. One person said that it is her discipline to always answer her phone and to answer emails within two hours. No one seemed to have an exercise discipline. This surprised me.  

Discipline is interesting. Much of our ritual practice is set up as a discipline. It provides structure, limits and meaning. It is part of how we draw closer to God, which is much of what Judaism is about.  

Rabbi Nehemia Polen, a professor at Hebrew College in Boston and my professor for Leviticus, used to talk about the discipline of the sacrifices in the Holy Temple, one in the morning and one in the evening. He likened it as what many of us do with medications, one in the morning and one in the evening. Definitely a discipline. Simon is really good about washing the sheets on Thursdays. It is part of how he prepares for Shabbat. For him it is a discipline. 

When I daven the silent on Amidah as part of Kabbalat Shabbat, when we get to the Modim Anachnu Lach prayer, I try to think of things I am thankful for this week. That’s called kavanah, intention, praying beyond the words in the book. Some weeks, like this one, are easy. Sometimes I argue with myself to find just one thing. Living a life of gratitude is good for our mental health. It is also a discipline.  

This year we are using three books to help us with our counting of the omer, again, a discipline. Omer, a Counting by Rabbi Karyn Kedar quotes Rabbi Rami Shapiro from The Sacred Art of Lovingkindness Preparing to Practice, on Day 9. He says, “We often say the right thing, and then find ourselves resenting it. Talk is cheap, however; our behavior is what really defines us. Listen carefully to your speech; say only what your mean and do everything you say. [This is the talk the talk and walk the walk comment] This requires you to slow down your normal pace of communication. So often we just talk to talk. We say things for the sake of saying things. We exaggerate to ake what we say more interesting. We promise things before we hav determined whether or not we can fulill the promise. Ask yourself three questions before you speak: 

1. Is it true. 

1. Is it kind. 

1. Is it necessary.” 

These words themselves ring true. They require discipline. A tremendous amount of discipline. Discipline of discipline. They lead to strength. Meanwhile, I’ll keep running. Let us all  live with exactly these kinds of spiritual disciplines. 

When you live in a small town and work as a rabbi, you get to do some really unique things. Amongst them, I spoke last night at the First Ron Raglin Scholarship Dinner. I am grateful to his wife, Tena, for her friendship and this opportunity,

During the appetizers, I had the opportunity to see people I hadn’t seen  since before the pandemic. One person asked me if I am still doing and Diversity, Equity and Inclusion work. (DEI). I realized the answer is yes. Yes, when I work with ADL to reduce anti-semitism and racism in a neighboring school district. Yes, when I sit on the Chief’s Advisory Council. Yes, when I attend the Mayor’s Community and Fair and Impartial Training. Yes, as part of the Coalition of Elgin Religious Leaders. Yes, when I teach a course in Comparative Religion. Much of what I do I realize is about DEI. The work most certainly continues.

It comes out of my believe that we are all created b’tzelem elohiim, in the image of the Divine, a belief that Ron and I most certainly shared.

Here is what I said about Ron and the his “Foundation fo Faith:”

Tonight I am supposed to talk about “The Foundation of Faith.” Ron’s faith. Our faith. All of our faiths—whatever they may be. This is the time period where Jews count up from Passover to Shavuot, the feast of Weeks or Pentecost. Each of the 50 days has a special spiritual meaning. This week we actually counted Yesod shel Chesed, The foundation of Lovingkindness. That was Ron, Everything he did was grounded in faith and lovingkindness. Now foundation is an interesting word. One of my teachers, Rabbi Zlotowitz, of blessed memory, my thesis advisor, told the story of one of his teachers (we rabbis are really good at footnoting sources!), who would say, “Boychiks (back in the day only men studied to be rabbis). Boychicks, today we are going to study the basement of Judaism.” He had gotten the word basement and foundation confused. And I can understand that.  

A foundation is the lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level. (I might add, the place you are supposed to go during a tornado warning. I recently led a service during one!) And a foundation is an underlying basis or principle. Ron’s foundation was faith.  

 The first phone call I got when I came to Congregation Kneseth Israel and Elgin, not from someone who is affiliated with CKI was from this guy at U46, He was the assistant superintendent with this very cool title about equity and justice and it turned out that it was his first week on his new job too. His office wasn’t far from mine, in fact we could see our buildings from our windows. We were the same age. We had the same love of education. Yes, that person turned out to be Ron Raglin.  

We both worked hard, probably too hard, and we cared passionately about kids. So that meant that I didn’t ever get to see him often enough. But he was a presence. I knew he was there and we could walk and meet half way between our offices, or meet at Blue Box for coffee. Make no mistake, his smile could light up a room. 

What you may not know is that Ron was a man of deep faith-it was his foundation. His rock. -It was part of what drove him to excel. (that and Arnie Duncan’s mother! Every one needs a Jewish mother!) We had many conversations about faith and scripture. Boy, did he know his Bible! I appreciated that he would include me, the local rabbi, in his thinking and I always had a seat at the table in his U-46 Faith Leaders Council. 

There is one morning that is seared in my brain. One Shabbat morning, a Saturday, not unlike today, I happened to be up preparing to lead services when the phone rang at 4:30AM. It was Ron. I was afraid someone died, Why else would the Assistant Superintendent be calling at that hour on a Sat? No, thank G-d, Ron was just working on something for the board and he wanted to get it right. Remember that quest for excellence? He was working on a policy about bathrooms and he heard that maybe Judaism had a different understanding of gender. What could I send him to help him understand. After Shabbat I sent him many things. If anyone needs it, I have an article about the Talmud outlining 8 potentional genders, outlined 2000 years ago. I just sent it to a Catholic priest this week. 

Another time, there was a quiet, non-official meeting at Arabica, I can say this now, to talk about how and when and if one teaches religion at all in a public school setting. You can’t talk about the emergence of writing without talking about religion. Or the emergence of cities. You can’t talk about the printing press, or the Reformation or the Pilgrims or Northern Ireland or the Holocaust without talking about religion. You can’t teach Shakespeare without Biblical allusions. There has to be some context. All of these things I learned about in my public school. 

Then there were all those times when there would be some big public speaking joh and I would be nervous. Ron would be right there at my side. He would remind me that I could do it. We would pray–a black evangelical and a Jew. Together. And the speech would be fine and I never actually threw up, I promise not to tonight. More than once I think those prayers helped. Tonight, I am sure he is present and so very proud of all that you, Tena, Marissa and Mattew have done, how the work continues.  

A rabbi is a teacher. So tonight .I want to teach you just a little bit of Talmud. In Pirke Avot, the Wisdom of the Ancestors we learn:  

There are four types of students. Those who are quick to understand but quick to forget; their gain is cancelled by their loss. Those who understand with difficulty but forget with difficulty; their loss is cancelled by their gain. Those who are quick to understand and forget with difficulty; they are wise. Those who understand with difficulty and are quick to forget; they have a bad portion (i.e., bad fortune). — Pirkei Avot 5:14  

That was Ron. making sure that all students could learn. All means all. And you better have the data to prove that all the students  were succeeding. You better pray that you got an email back. Checkmate. 

And we all better never forget that all of Ron: his commitment to excellence, his commitment to all, his commitment to data and even his use of educational jargon that I would tease him about unmercifully was all driven by his deep abiding faith, his foundation of faith. 

If Ron were here, it would seem appropriate that we now pray: The first is an old Girl Scout grace that gives thanks for the food and reminds us of the gratitude for those who prepared the meal, served the meal, the people who decorated and schlepped and God. We have certainly enjoyed this meal and all the work that went into it. 

“Back of the bread is the farmer, and back of the farmer is the mill, and back of the mill is the wind and the rain and the Father’s will.” 

The second is the short version of Birkat haMazon, the Grace After Meal:s  

Brich rachamana malka d’alma, malchi d’hi pita. You are the source of life for all that is and Your blessing flows through me. 

May that blessing from above and the blessing that was Ron continue as we keep his memory alive. His name will always be for a blessing. 

For the Rev. Ginny McDaniel

As Passover wanes and our journey to freedom continues, I want to take a moment and try to answer another puzzle question. Just before Passover a dear friend and colleague called. Ginny McDaniel is a retired UCC pastor who has been called on to preach for four weeks. She and I go way back. I attended her ordination. She was the president of the Greater Lowell Interfaith Leadership Alliance (GLILA) when I was vice president. She moved to Florida and I became president. GLILA was formed one Maundy Thursday, the Thursday before Easter, partly to combat rising hate in that decade. (The 80s maybe?)  We wrestled through the Passions of the Christ together. Tough movie! She sent me her rainbow tallit which I proudly wear on some Shabbat mornings

Here is her question. Explain the difference between “freedom from” and “freedom to.” 

Freedom from and freedom to. Let’s add “freedom of” to that mix.  

Passover is called Zeman Heruteinu, the time of our freedom. Another word for freedom is hofesh, which I usually think of as break or vacation. Hafsakah is another word meaning break.  

What does Zeman heruteinu look like? I spent the next couple of weeks thinking about this, studying it and asking everyone I knew. 

I still love the reading from Simon’s compiled Haggadah, which is what I immediately sent Ginny: 

“Tonight, we participate as members of multiple communities. As Jews, the Exodus is our heritage, and equality, justice and peace are our dreams… 

Freedom from bondage and freedom from oppresion
Freedom from hunger and freedom from want
Freedom from hatred and freedom from fear
Freedom to think and freedom to speak
Freedom to teach and freedom to learn
Freedom to love and freedom to share
Freedom to hope and freedom to rejoice.” 

Freedom includes the ability to ask questions, central to the Passover seder. People who are not free cannot question authority. Freedom includes the ability to rest, to take a nap, People who are not free cannot take time off work, cannot take a nap if they are tired, cannot celebrate Shabbat. Freedom includes the ability to wear what you want when you want to. It is about having choice, freewill and self determination.  

There was a robust discussion about the whole topic as part of our Friday night service. Freedom from are the negative things, things we run away from. The Israelites were running away from Pharaoh and slavery toward freedom. As the reading above illustrates, we hope for freedom from bondage, oppression, hunger, want, hatred, fear.  

Freedom to things are more positive. We have the freedom to teach and learn, to ask questions, to rest, to practice religion how we want, freedom to love (yes, still, at least for now in this country!) 

This parallels a discussion of Isaiah Berlin’s negative and positive freedom. (Thank you to Doug and Melissa, a Lutheran couple in Grand Rapids, MI, for introducing me to this writing).  

“Negative liberty is defined as freedom from–the freedom from restraint on one’s actions, enshrined in such concepts as human and civil rights. Positive liberty is defined as freedom to­­–the freedom to pursue a good life personally and communally, expressed in such rights as the right to vote, the right to organize, the right to education, and the right to pursue economic stability.” 

A fuller analysis of Isaiah Berlin from a Jewish perspective can be found here: https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/negative-and-positive-freedom/  

Our US Constitution guarantees some freedoms as well. Freedom of religion. Freedom of the press. Freedom of assembly. Freedom of speech. And yes, even the freedom to bear arms. But we are not totally free. We cannot yell fire in a theater if there is none and claim freedom of speech as a defense. 

Freedom seems like such a good idea. We can do whatever we want, whenever we want.  Not so fast. We have a moral code, the Torah and as we move from Passover and count up to Shavuot, we celebrate freedom and know we need Torah.

With freedom, as was quickly pointed out, comes responsibility. We have a responsibility to ensure these freedoms, to take care of the widow, the orphan, the stranger, the most marginalized among us precisely because we were slaves in Egypt and did not have the freedom to do so. We knew what it was like to be a stranger so 36 times in Torah it exhorts us to take care of the stranger the same way with the same laws we take care of each other.   

The Jewish Funder’s Network says it this way: “Judaism understood that true freedom is not the absence of bondage, but the presence of justice and purpose. Martin Luther King, Jr. paraphrased the prophets when he wrote that “We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny.” 

“True freedom is the experience we feel when we can live up to our full capacity and potential. The discipline it takes for one to live by the morals and standards with which God has tasked him or her is the greatest liberating experience. One who lives by the whim of his or her desires and impulses is not liberated but enslaved to his natural inclinations and does not have the capacity to truly be free,” says Rabbi Mendel Polter in the Detroit Jewish News. 

As part of our community seder, we wore our neon x-ray glasses to search for freedom. Rabbi Lord Sacks of blessed memory taught that in order to understand the structure of the seder. These x-glasses help us to search for freedom. Our own individual freedoms. We are taught that G-d led us out of Egypt, out of the narrow places with a strong hand and an outstretched arm. We need both. Strength and compassion. Each of us is to see ourselves as we left Egypt, out of the narrow places. In a sense we are reborn into freedom.  

On Sunday we took our Torah School students on a search for freedom. We found our neighbor, Vicar Andrea across the street and we learned that we have the freedom to say, “Happy Easter,” even if that is not our holiday. She sees freedom as water. She called me back. She also sees the flowers that three congregations planted, daffodils, on our corner as a symbol of freedom. We had the freedom to stop and smell the flowers. We even had the freedom to take that walk and be outside, even without coats on a beautiful spring day. We have the freedom to run, and skip, and jump and even do cartwheels. We have the freedom to sing and dance. To sing at the shores of the Sea of Reeds. Mi Chamocha or something else. 

Moshe Dayan said, and this resonated with me, “Freedom is the oxygen of the soul.” May we be enriched with ours search for freedom. Whether freedom from or to. 

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01193/full  

https://www.bu.edu/sph/news/articles/2017/freedom-to-vs-freedom-from/